![]() NGINX allows us to customize error pages, even for internal errors, by using the error_page directive. When NGINX receives a plain HTTP request on an HTTPS server, the request has an internal error code of 497. Guess what? This page also has an internal status code. Oh great, we pooped out the server name again. The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port * Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8443 (#0)Ĥ00 The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port NGINX had different idea about the situation. ![]() For example, I expected one of these expressions to “just work”. The NGINX configuration language has a limited interpreter, which makes this challenging. We can, in fact, send them nothing in the HTTPS negotiation. What if we just responded with nothing? I present to you, the final option,Ĭorrect. This gives us a great opportunity to send over something like Common Name:, if you feel so inclined. Send them a bogus self-signed certificate for a joke domain. This feels too cumbersome and requires setting up yet another domain (don’t we already have enough of those? □️). Send them a real certificate for a different, but entirely unrelated domain. If we want to throw the scanners off our scent, we have a couple options: The HTTPS certificateīut wait, the HTTPS certificate already includes the domain name! If we send back a certificate as part of the HTTPS negotiation, won’t that allow the scanner to see our domain name again? Turns out that NGINX wants us to give it a certificate of some kind to run in HTTPS mode. ssl" directive in /etc/nginx/http.d/nf:3Īh, drat. Nginx: no "ssl_certificate" is defined for the "listen. Let’s begin by looking at the official nginx image from Docker Hub. Let us defend ourselves against the tyranny. We won’t achieve perfect security by any means, but we will take a step or two in the right direction. Our goalīy changing our NGINX configuration from the default, we will raise the bar higher than “give up all the information on the first request”. We call this, “the tyranny of the default”. The answer: most people do not change settings from their defaults. Holy nightmare, Batman! This happens when people use the default settings for these pieces of software. Shodan has indexed the other subdomains it observed at this IP address, which gives us an idea of the other software potentially hosted on this machine. If we cared to dig just a little deeper, we would find some extra information in the response body (omitted here for brevity): The domain name (via HTTPS certificate).□️īy issuing a plain, not-encrypted HTTP request to this machine’s IP address, we now have the following information from the response headers alone: In this particular case, we do want the information it has on ports 80 and 443. Where other search engines provide a deep index of ports 80 and 443, Shodan scrapes the surface of the web to find information about all ports, not just websites. Shodan provides a shallow search index of all network ports. Help protect your privacy by using these anti-fingerprinting options.Īn example from Shodan: A randomly selected search result from Shodan with lots of goodies.Ī quick note about Shodan, if you haven’t heard of it before: *should* be covered by Dispose.Software on the web discloses a wealth of information with little prompt. HttpResponse.Close() // For good measure. Using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream)) Using (Stream dataStream = httpResponse.GetResponseStream()) Using (var httpResponse = (HttpWebResponse) httpWebRequest.GetResponse()) Streams and StreamReaders are also disposable and should be wrapped with using() closures. ![]() This is 95% likely to be your underlying problem. I was adapting the question to demonstrate reading to a memory stream, when I noticed that the response was not being disposed. Message: The remote server returned an error: (504) Gateway Timeout.Īnd how many requests can WebRequest make at a time? JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer() Using(JsonReader sdr = new JsonTextReader(reader)) StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream) ![]() Stream dataStream = httpResponse.GetResponseStream() Var httpResponse = (HttpWebResponse) httpWebRequest.GetResponse() Var httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest) WebRequest.Create(baseUrl + endPoint) I am using below code to make an API call from my C# code with WebRequest: public object GetData()
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